濟南寶馬汽車維修介紹分動箱與差速器關系

來源：http://www.philiprobert.com發布時間：2017-11-13 16:59:19

所謂汽車分動箱，從字面就可以知道：它的主要用途就是將發動機的動力進行分配，并輸出給前軸和后軸的裝置。因而分動箱實際上是四驅車型里的一個標準配件。而根據四驅形式的不同，分動箱類型大體有傳統分時四驅分動箱、全時四驅分動箱、適時四驅分動箱、超選四驅分動箱幾種。具體各種形式我們會在后續的文章中詳細介紹，本篇文章主要想跟您說說分動箱和差速器是個什么關系。
The so-called transfer case, from the literal can know: the main purpose of which is the power of the engine for the distribution device, and output to the front and rear axle. The transfer box is actually a four-wheel drive vehicle in standard accessories. According to four different forms of transfer type generally have traditional four-wheel drive transfer case, full time 4WD transfer case, real time 4WD transfer case, super select 4WD transfer case of several. The specific forms we'll detail in subsequent articles, this article mainly want to talk about what is the relationship between the transfer case and the differential with you.
其實這是個很基礎的概念問題。分動箱——主要用途是分配動力，差速器——主要用途是調整前后軸以及各個車輪的轉速差。兩者在機械結構和用途上是有本質區分的。我們都知道，由于傳統的分時四驅分動箱只能實現前后軸的剛性連接，即只能以固定的比值進行動力分配。這樣的設計確實有利于越野，但卻不利于公路行駛。道理很簡單：當車輛行駛并轉彎時，每個車輪經過的弧線其實是不同的，這就意味著在轉彎過程中每個車輪的轉速也是不相同的。
In fact, this is a very basic concept. Transfer gear - is mainly used for power distribution, the main purpose is to adjust the differential, front and rear axle and each wheel speed difference. There is a distinction in the mechanical structure and applications. As we all know, because the traditional four-wheel drive shaft of the transfer case can only be achieved after rigid connection, that is only for the power distribution in a fixed ratio. This design is conducive to cross country, but it is not conducive to the road. The reason is very simple: when the vehicle is cornering, each wheel through the arc is different, which means that in the turning process of each wheel speed is not the same.

如果采用剛性連接，固定的把動力傳輸給前后車輪，那么前后車輪的轉速也會相同，這就會對正確的轉向軌跡形成一個干涉。而這樣的干涉如果是在附著力較小的濕滑或沙石路面上可以通過車輪的滑動摩擦所化解，在附著力較大的干燥公路路面就會成為明顯的阻力，也就是我們通常說的轉向制動。
If the use of rigid, fixed to transfer power to the front wheels, so before and after the wheel speed will be the same, it will be on the right track to form an interference. Such interference if it is in the small wet adhesion or sand on the road through the sliding friction wheel to dissolve, become obvious resistance in large highway pavement will dry adhesion, which is what we usually say to brake.
為了解決這個矛盾，在分動箱中加入了差速器，也就是我們常說的中央差速器。從性質上講，這個差速器屬于開放式差速器，用來調整前后軸的轉速差，其基本結構與前后軸的差速器相同。而在分動箱中簡單的加入差速器也是全時四驅的早期形式。
In order to solve this contradiction, joined the differential in the transfer case, that is we often say the central differential. Essentially, this differential is open to the differential speed of shaft before and after the adjustment, the basic structure and the front and rear axle differential of the same. In the transfer case simply adding early form of four-wheel drive differential is full.
很明顯，這樣的四驅系統對于車輛越野性能的提升并無實質意義。為什么這樣講呢？我們知道：所謂開放式差速器，其功能就是將發動機輸出的動力分配給受阻力小的車輪，但如果一輛車上使用了三個這樣的開放式差速器（前后軸還各有一個）來調節轉速差的話，那么如果有一個車輪受阻力更小，動力就已經100%傳遞給這個失去附著力的車輪了，而真正有附著力的車輪反而沒有得到動力，因而依舊無法脫困。
Obviously, such a four-wheel drive system for vehicle off-road performance is of no real significance. Why do you say that? We know that the so-called open differential, its function is the power distribution of the engine output to the small resistance of the wheel, but if a car uses three such open differential (front and rear axle also have a) to regulate the speed difference, so if there is a wheel by the least resistance 100%, power has been passed to the loss of adhesion of the wheel, while the real wheel adhesion but did not gain momentum, and still can not rescue.
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